57 research outputs found
Comprehensive Information Integration Modeling Framework for Video Titling
In e-commerce, consumer-generated videos, which in general deliver consumers'
individual preferences for the different aspects of certain products, are
massive in volume. To recommend these videos to potential consumers more
effectively, diverse and catchy video titles are critical. However,
consumer-generated videos seldom accompany appropriate titles. To bridge this
gap, we integrate comprehensive sources of information, including the content
of consumer-generated videos, the narrative comment sentences supplied by
consumers, and the product attributes, in an end-to-end modeling framework.
Although automatic video titling is very useful and demanding, it is much less
addressed than video captioning. The latter focuses on generating sentences
that describe videos as a whole while our task requires the product-aware
multi-grained video analysis. To tackle this issue, the proposed method
consists of two processes, i.e., granular-level interaction modeling and
abstraction-level story-line summarization. Specifically, the granular-level
interaction modeling first utilizes temporal-spatial landmark cues, descriptive
words, and abstractive attributes to builds three individual graphs and
recognizes the intra-actions in each graph through Graph Neural Networks (GNN).
Then the global-local aggregation module is proposed to model inter-actions
across graphs and aggregate heterogeneous graphs into a holistic graph
representation. The abstraction-level story-line summarization further
considers both frame-level video features and the holistic graph to utilize the
interactions between products and backgrounds, and generate the story-line
topic of the video. We collect a large-scale dataset accordingly from
real-world data in Taobao, a world-leading e-commerce platform, and will make
the desensitized version publicly available to nourish further development of
the research community...Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, to appear in KDD 2020 proceeding
GLP-1RAs caused gastrointestinal adverse reactions of drug withdrawal: a system review and network meta-analysis
BackgroundGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) significantly reduce postprandial blood glucose, inhibit appetite, and delay gastrointestinal emptying. However, it is controversial that some patients are intolerant to GLP-1RAs.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using GLP-1RAs with documented withdrawal due to gastrointestinal adverse reactions (GI AEs) from their inception to September 28, 2022. After extracting the information incorporated into the studies, a random-effects network meta-analysis was performed within a frequentist framework.Results64 RCTs were finally enrolled, which included six major categories of the GLP-1RA. The sample size of the GLP-1RAs treatment group was 16,783 cases. The risk of intolerable gastrointestinal adverse reactions of Liraglutide and Semaglutide was higher than that of Dulaglutide. Meanwhile, the higher the dose of the same GLP-1RA preparation, the more likely to cause these adverse reactions. These intolerable GI AEs were not significantly related to drug homology or formulations and may be related to the degree of suppression of the appetite center.ConclusionDulaglutide caused the lowest intolerable GI AEs, while Liraglutide and Semaglutide were the highest. For Semaglutide, the higher the dose, the more likely it is to drive GI AEs. Meanwhile, the risk of these GI AEs is independent of the different formulations of the drug. All these findings can effectively guide individualized treatment.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022359346, identifier CRD42022359346
Literal-Aware Knowledge Graph Embedding for Welding Quality Monitoring: A Bosch Case
Recently there has been a series of studies in knowledge graph embedding
(KGE), which attempts to learn the embeddings of the entities and relations as
numerical vectors and mathematical mappings via machine learning (ML). However,
there has been limited research that applies KGE for industrial problems in
manufacturing. This paper investigates whether and to what extent KGE can be
used for an important problem: quality monitoring for welding in manufacturing
industry, which is an impactful process accounting for production of millions
of cars annually. The work is in line with Bosch research of data-driven
solutions that intends to replace the traditional way of destroying cars, which
is extremely costly and produces waste. The paper tackles two very challenging
questions simultaneously: how large the welding spot diameter is; and to which
car body the welded spot belongs to. The problem setting is difficult for
traditional ML because there exist a high number of car bodies that should be
assigned as class labels. We formulate the problem as link prediction, and
experimented popular KGE methods on real industry data, with consideration of
literals. Our results reveal both limitations and promising aspects of adapted
KGE methods.Comment: Paper accepted at ISWC2023 In-Use trac
Q-switching of waveguide lasers based on graphene/WS_2 van der Waals heterostructure
We report on the operation of passively -switched waveguide lasers at 1 μm wavelength based on a graphene/WS2
heterostructure as a saturable absorber (SA). The gain medium is a crystalline Nd:YVO4 cladding waveguide produced by femtosecond laser writing. The nanosecond waveguide laser operation at 1064 nm has been realized with the maximum average output power of 275 mW and slope efficiency of 37%. In comparison with the systems based on single WS2 or graphene SA, the lasing -switched by a graphene/WS2 heterostructure SA possesses advantages of a higher pulse energy and enhanced slope efficiency, indicating the promising applications of van der Waals heterostructures for ultrafast photonic device111 Project of China (B13029); Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS (XDB16030700); Key Research Program of Frontier Science of CAS (QYZDB-SSW-JSC041); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11274203, 61522510); STCSM Excellent Academic Leader of Shanghai (17XD1403900)
Experimental investigation of kinetic instabilities driven by runaway electrons in the EXL-50 spherical torus
In this study, the first observation of high-frequency instabilities driven
by runaway electrons has been reported in the EXL-50 spherical torus using a
high-frequency magnetic pickup coil. The central frequency of these
instabilities is found to be exponentially dependent on the plasma density,
similar to the dispersion relation of the whistler wave. The instability
frequency displays chirping characteristics consistent with the Berk-Breizman
model of beam instability. Theoretically, the excitation threshold of the
instability driven by runaway electrons is related to the ratio of the runaway
electron density to the background plasma density, and such a relationship is
first demonstrated experimentally in this study. The instability can be
stabilized by increasing the plasma density, consistent with the wave-particle
resonance mechanism. This investigation demonstrates the controlled excitation
of chirping instabilities in a tokamak plasma and reveals new features of these
instabilities, thereby advancing the understanding of the mechanisms for
controlling and mitigating runaway electrons
Edge-Cloud Polarization and Collaboration: A Comprehensive Survey for AI
Influenced by the great success of deep learning via cloud computing and the
rapid development of edge chips, research in artificial intelligence (AI) has
shifted to both of the computing paradigms, i.e., cloud computing and edge
computing. In recent years, we have witnessed significant progress in
developing more advanced AI models on cloud servers that surpass traditional
deep learning models owing to model innovations (e.g., Transformers, Pretrained
families), explosion of training data and soaring computing capabilities.
However, edge computing, especially edge and cloud collaborative computing, are
still in its infancy to announce their success due to the resource-constrained
IoT scenarios with very limited algorithms deployed. In this survey, we conduct
a systematic review for both cloud and edge AI. Specifically, we are the first
to set up the collaborative learning mechanism for cloud and edge modeling with
a thorough review of the architectures that enable such mechanism. We also
discuss potentials and practical experiences of some on-going advanced edge AI
topics including pretraining models, graph neural networks and reinforcement
learning. Finally, we discuss the promising directions and challenges in this
field.Comment: 20 pages, Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineerin
In situ interface engineering for probing the limit of quantum dot photovoltaic devices.
Quantum dot (QD) photovoltaic devices are attractive for their low-cost synthesis, tunable band gap and potentially high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the experimentally achieved efficiency to date remains far from ideal. Here, we report an in-situ fabrication and investigation of single TiO2-nanowire/CdSe-QD heterojunction solar cell (QDHSC) using a custom-designed photoelectric transmission electron microscope (TEM) holder. A mobile counter electrode is used to precisely tune the interface area for in situ photoelectrical measurements, which reveals a strong interface area dependent PCE. Theoretical simulations show that the simplified single nanowire solar cell structure can minimize the interface area and associated charge scattering to enable an efficient charge collection. Additionally, the optical antenna effect of nanowire-based QDHSCs can further enhance the absorption and boost the PCE. This study establishes a robust 'nanolab' platform in a TEM for in situ photoelectrical studies and provides valuable insight into the interfacial effects in nanoscale solar cells
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